Driving in rainy conditions can often be a hassle, but having functional windshield wipers is essential for maintaining visibility and safety. Among the various types of wiper systems available, intermittent wipers offer the flexibility to adjust the wiping frequency according to the precipitation levels. However, there may come a time when these wipers cease to work. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of why intermittent wipers may fail and how to address this issue effectively.
What Are Intermittent Wipers?
Intermittent wipers are designed to operate at variable speeds, allowing drivers to customize their usage based on weather conditions. Unlike continuous wipers, which maintain a constant wiping motion, intermittent wipers offer pauses between each wipe, making them particularly useful in light rain or drizzling conditions.
The intermittent wiper system typically includes:
- Wiper Motor: The chief component that drives the wipers.
- Wiper Switch: The control mechanism allowing the driver to set the desired speed.
- Intermittent Relay: Facilitates the operation of the wipers at varying intervals.
Understanding how these components work together will help in diagnosing why your intermittent wipers might not be functioning as they should.
Common Reasons for Intermittent Wipers Not Working
When intermittent wipers fail, it can be unsettling. However, identifying potential causes can streamline the repair process. Here are some common issues that can lead to this malfunction.
Faulty Wiper Switch
The wiper switch located on the steering column is mainly responsible for controlling the wiper settings. Over time, this switch can wear out or develop internal faults, resulting in a failure to execute the intermittent wiping function.
Defective Wiper Motor
The wiper motor is the powerhouse behind the movement of the wipers. A malfunction in this component can disrupt the entire wiper system, leading to intermittent wipers not working correctly. Signs of a failing motor include unusual noises or a complete lack of movement when the wipers are activated.
Issues with the Intermittent Relay
The intermittent relay is vital for managing the timings of the wiper operation. If the relay becomes defective, it may prevent the wipers from switching into the intermittent mode, causing them to work on a continuous or not at all.
Blown Fuse
A blown fuse can also render your intermittent wipers inoperative. The fuse provides protection for electrical components, and if it blows due to an overload, it could mean you have lost power to the wiper system altogether.
How to Diagnose the Problem
Once you notice your intermittent wipers are malfunctioning, diagnosing the source of the problem becomes a top priority. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to figure out what’s wrong.
Step 1: Check the Wiper Settings
Always start with the simplest troubleshooting steps. Ensure that the wiper settings are correctly adjusted to intermittent mode. Sometimes, the switch could accidentally be knocked into a different position.
Step 2: Inspect the Fuse
Locate your vehicle’s fuse box and identify the fuse related to the wiper system. Remove it and inspect if the fuse is blown. If so, replacing it may rectify the problem. Ensure to use a fuse of the same amperage.
Step 3: Test the Wiper Motor
If the fuse is intact, the next step involves testing the motor. You can do this by applying direct power to the motor using jumper wires. If the motor doesn’t operate, it’s likely faulty and may require replacement.
Step 4: Examine the Wiper Switch
If the motor appears to be functioning correctly, the next component to inspect is the wiper switch. Use a multimeter to check for continuity in the switch. If it fails this test, it will need to be replaced.
Step 5: Check the Intermittent Relay
If you suspect the relay, you can follow the guide in your owner’s manual to identify its location. Try swapping it with another relay of the same type in your fuse box if available. If this resolves the problem, you should replace the defective relay.
How to Fix Intermittent Wiper Problems
After identifying the root cause of the wiper failure, the next step is to carry out the necessary fixes.
Replacing the Wiper Motor
When replacing a defective wiper motor, it’s critical to follow these important steps:
- Disconnect the negative battery terminal to avoid electrical shocks during repairs.
- Remove any cover or panel obstructing access to the motor.
- Disconnect the wiring harness from the motor.
- Unscrew the mounting bolts attaching the motor and carefully remove it from its housing.
- Install the new motor in the reverse order and reconnect the battery.
Changing the Wiper Switch
If you find that the wiper switch needs replacement, you can do so by following these steps:
- Ensure the ignition is off and the battery is disconnected.
- Remove the covering around the steering column.
- Unscrew and pull out the faulty switch, and remember to note the wiring configuration.
- Connect the new switch as per the wiring setup of the old one.
- Reassemble the steering column, reconnect the battery, and test the new switch.
Replacing the Intermittent Relay
If the relay is malfunctioning, it can generally be replaced with minimal effort:
- Locate the relay in the fuse box as specified in your vehicle’s manual.
- Gently pull it out.
- Insert the new relay in the same position.
- Reconnect the battery and test the intermittent wiper functionality.
Preventive Measures for Wiper Maintenance
While knowing how to troubleshoot and fix intermittent wiper issues is valuable, regular maintenance can minimize the need for repairs. Here are some tips:
Regularly Inspect Wiper Blades
Consistently check your wiper blades for wear and tear. Damaged blades not only diminish visibility but can also strain the wiper system. Replace them as needed to maintain optimal performance.
Keep the Windshield Clean
A clean windshield reduces the strain on wipers and improves visibility. Invest in high-quality cleaning agents and cloths that won’t scratch the glass.
Use the Wipers Properly
Avoid using your wipers on dry glass or for clearing thick layers of ice or snow. Such actions can damage both the blades and motor, leading to premature wear.
Conclusion
Intermittent wipers are a crucial part of your vehicle’s safety system, and their malfunction can be both frustrating and dangerous. By understanding the common causes, diagnosing the issue effectively, and taking preventive measures, you can keep your wiper system in top shape. Whether it’s a simple fuse replacement or a more complex motor issue, addressing wiper problems promptly will ensure you remain safe during inclement weather. Remember to seek professional help if you’re not comfortable with DIY repairs or if the issue persists despite your efforts.
What are intermittent wipers, and how do they work?
Intermittent wipers are a feature in modern vehicles that allow the windshield wipers to operate at variable intervals rather than continuously. This is particularly useful during light rain or mist, where constant wiping can be unnecessary. The system is controlled by a relay or electronic control unit that adjusts the timing between each wipe based on the setting chosen by the driver.
When the intermittent wiper setting is activated, the wipers will sweep across the windshield and then pause for a predetermined duration before making another sweep. The duration of the pause can usually be adjusted by the driver, allowing for customization based on the weather conditions.
What could be the reason my intermittent wipers stopped working?
There are several potential reasons why your intermittent wipers might not be functioning. One common issue is a blown fuse. The wiper system, including the intermittent feature, is powered by a fuse in the vehicle’s electrical system. If the fuse is blown, the entire wiper system may stop working, requiring a simple replacement to restore functionality.
Another possible reason could be a faulty wiper relay or switch. If either component is malfunctioning, it can disrupt the communication between the control settings and the wiper motor, preventing the intermittent function from engaging. Checking these components can usually identify the issue.
How can I check if the fuse is blown?
To check if the fuse for your intermittent wipers is blown, locate the fuse box in your vehicle. This is typically found under the dashboard or in the engine compartment. Once you find the correct fuse for the wipers, which is usually labeled in the fuse diagram, carefully remove it using a fuse puller or pliers.
Examine the fuse; if the thin metal strip inside is broken or burnt, the fuse is indeed blown and needs to be replaced. After replacing it with a fuse of the same amperage, test the wipers again to see if this resolves the issue.
What should I do if the wiper switch is malfunctioning?
If you suspect that the wiper switch is malfunctioning, the first step is to visually inspect it for any loose connections or obvious signs of wear. If you are comfortable doing so, you can remove the steering column cover to access the switch and check the wiring and connectors for corrosion or damage. Sometimes, simply reconnecting loose wires can solve the issue.
If the switch appears to be intact but still doesn’t work, it may need to be replaced. Consult your vehicle’s repair manual for guidance on how to remove and install a new wiper switch, or consider seeking professional help if you’re not comfortable performing the repair yourself.
Could a malfunctioning wiper motor be the issue?
Yes, a malfunctioning wiper motor can also be the culprit behind your intermittent wipers not working. The wiper motor is responsible for powering the movement of the wipers, and if it is failing, the entire system may be affected. Signs that the wiper motor could be malfunctioning include wipers that move slowly, make unusual noises, or do not move at all.
To diagnose a wiper motor issue, you can check for power at the motor connection with a multimeter. If there is no power, the problem may lie with the wiring, relay, or switch. If there is power but the motor doesn’t operate, the wiper motor is likely faulty and will need to be replaced.
What are some common signs of wiper system issues?
Common signs that may indicate wiper system issues include inconsistent wiping speed, wipers that do not park in the correct position, or wipers that remain stuck at the top of the windshield. You might also notice that the intermittent setting does not pause correctly, either wiping constantly or not engaging at all.
If these symptoms are present, it’s essential to investigate further. Ignoring wiper issues can lead to reduced visibility during inclement weather, so addressing them promptly is crucial for both safety and functionality.
When should I seek professional help for wiper issues?
You should seek professional help for wiper issues if you have checked the fuses, relays, and switches and are still experiencing problems. If you lack the tools or confidence to diagnose the underlying issues, a professional mechanic can provide a thorough inspection and pinpoint the exact cause of the malfunction.
Additionally, if the wipers exhibit signs of physical damage or if you notice unusual sounds coming from the wiper motor, it’s advisable to consult an expert. Professional mechanics have the experience and equipment necessary to safely diagnose and repair wiper system issues.